A broad introduction to a major turning point in human development, this book guides the reader through the emergence of civilization in Mesopotamia, when city life began and writing was invented.

• Includes reference entries that explore important aspects of Mesopotamian civilization, such as key historical developments, technological and intellectual innovations, and aspects of social, economic, political, and domestic life

• Enables readers to gain insight into the thinking and life experience of ancient Mesopotamians through primary sources

• Provokes discussion through the debate of three major questions about the rise of civilization

• Combines several different approaches to the subject to promote critical thinking skillls and support Common Core State Standards

• Supports NCHS World History standards for Era 2, Standards 1A and 1B, and Common Core critical thinking skills for English Language Arts/World History and Social Studies