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| Contents
Mezőkeresztes, Battle of (1596) 41
Mohács, Battle of (1526) 42
Passarowitz, Treaty of (1718) 44
Preveza, Battle of (1538) 45
Qasr-i Shirin (Kasr-i Şirin), Treaty of (1639) 46
Ridaniya, Battle of (1517) 47
Sèvres, Treaty of (1920) 48
Sistova, Treaty of (1791) 49
Sykes-Picot Agreement (1916) 50
Tulip Period (ca. 1718–ca. 1730) 51
Beys and Pashas 55
Abbas Hilmi (1874–1944) 55
Ahmed Tevfik Pasha (1845–1936) 56
Alemdar Mustafa Pasha (1765–1808) 57
Āli Pasha, Mehmed Emin (1815–1871) 59
Ali Pasha of Janina (Tepedelenli Ali Pasha) (1744–1822) 62
Barbaros Hayreddin Pasha (d. 1546) 64
Cemal Pasha (Jemal Pasha) (1872–1922) 68
Enver Pasha (1881–1922) 70
Fuad Pasha Keçecizade Mehmed (Kechejizade Mehmed) (1815–1869) 73
Gāzi Ahmed Muhtar Pasha (1839–1919) 75
Gāzi Osman Pasha (1832–1900) 77
Gedik Ahmed Pasha (d. 1482) 78
Ibrahim Pasha (Nevșehirli Damad; Nevșehirli Damad Ibrahim Pasha;
Nevshehirli Damad Ibrahim Pasha) (1662–1730) 80
Ibrahim Pasha (of Parga) (Pargali Ibrahim Pasha) (1493–1536) 82
Köprülü Mehmed Pasha (d. 1661) 84
Köprülüzade Fazil Ahmed Pasha (d. 1676) 85
Mehmed Ali (Muhammad Ali) (1769–1849) 87
Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa Pasha (d. 1683) 89
Midhat Pasha (1822–1884) 91
Mustafa Reșid Pasha (Mustafa Reshid Pasha) (1800–1858) 93
Talat Pasha (1874–1921) 95
Empire and Administration 97
Abbas I, Shah of Iran (1571–1629) 97
Administration, Central 103
Administration, Provincial 108
Atatürk, Kemal (Mustafa Kemal) (1881–1938) 111
Devșirme (Devshirme) 117
Eugene of Savoy (1663–1736) 119
Eunuchs 122
Gāzi 123
