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Preface | xi Immigrants from AmericaÊs past arrivals and those coming since 1965 formed mi- gration chains, found both hostility and acceptance in America, had to adjust to a new culture and learn a new language, found ethnic niches in the economy, devel- oped an ethnic press, retained many of their food choices, entered into American politics, and maintained emotional links to the Old World. As always, each made a contribution to American life and enhanced U.S. society and culture. Acknowledgments A project such as an encyclopedia depends on the work of many people besides the editor and contributors. Some essays have incorporated but updated some ma- terial found in Greenwood PressÊs New Americans Series, including „Cuban Im- migrants‰ by Guillermo J. Grenier, with material from The Cuban Americans by Miguel Gonzáles-Pando, and „Haitian Immigrants‰ by Bertin M. Louis Jr., with material from The Haitian Americans by Flore Zéphir. Other essays that have been thoroughly updated with substantially new content by the original authors are The Dominican Americans by Ramona Hernández and Anthony Stevens-Acevedo The Mexican Americans by Alma M. Garcia Puerto Ricans in the United States by Maria E. Perez Gonzales The Salvadoran Americans by Carlos B. Cordova The South Asian Americans in the „Indian Immigrants‰ essay by Karen Leonard and The Vietnamese Americans by Hien Duc Do. The Encyclopedia had its beginnings with a suggestion from Sandy Towers, senior acquisitions editor for Greenwood Press, now ABC-CLIO, and her sup- port for this project is appreciated. I would also like to acknowledge the help of developmental editor Lindsay Claire, and especially Anne Thompson. Anne had a special role to play in the completion of this work, and I doubt it would have seen publication without her guidance and assistance. Thanks as well go to the essay authors, particularly those who were prompt in their submissions and cooperative in regard to revisions. Finally, my wife, Leslie N. Bayor, deserves thanks for her love and support.