Copyright 2012 by William H. York All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review, without prior permission in writing from the publisher. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data York, William Henry, 1968– Health and wellness in antiquity through the Middle Ages / William H. York. p. cm. — (Health and wellness in daily life) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-313-37865-2 (hardcopy : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-0-313-37866-9 (ebook) I. Title. II. Series: Health and wellness in daily life. [DNLM: 1. Health—history. 2. History of Medicine. 3. History, Ancient. 4. History, Medieval. WZ 51] 610.938—dc23 2012011917 ISBN: 978-0-313-37865-2 EISBN: 978-0-313-37866-9 16 15 14 13 12 1 2 3 4 5 This book is also available on the World Wide Web as an eBook. Visit www.abc-clio.com for details. Greenwood An Imprint of ABC-CLIO, LLC ABC-CLIO, LLC 130 Cremona Drive, P.O. Box 1911 Santa Barbara, California 93116-1911 This book is printed on acid-free paper Manufactured in the United States of America