Copyright © 2018 by ABC-CLIO, LLC All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review, without prior permission in writing from the publisher. Every reasonable effort has been made to trace the owners of copyright materials in this book, but in some instances this has proven impossible. The editors and publishers will be glad to receive information leading to more complete acknowledgments in subsequent printings of the book and in the meantime extend their apologies for any omissions. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Doyle, Mark, 1977– editor. Title: The British Empire : a historical encyclopedia / Mark Doyle, editor. Description: Santa Barbara, Calif. : ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2018. | Series: Empires of the world | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2017052488 (print) | LCCN 2017054335 (ebook) | ISBN 9781440841989 (ebook) | ISBN 9781440841972 (set : hard copy : set : alk. paper) | ISBN 9781440849206 (vol. 1 : hard copy : alk. paper) | ISBN 9781440849213 (vol. 2 : hard copy : alk. paper) Subjects: LCSH: Great Britain—Colonies—Encyclopedias. Classification: LCC DA16 (ebook) | LCC DA16 .B693 2018 (print) | DDC 909/.0971241003—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017052488 ISBN: 978-1-4408-4197-2 (set) 978-1-4408-4920-6 (vol. 1) 978-1-4408-4921-3 (vol. 2) 978-1-4408-4198-9 (ebook) 22 21 20 19 18 1 2 3 4 5 This book is also available as an eBook. ABC-CLIO An Imprint of ABC-CLIO, LLC ABC-CLIO, LLC 130 Cremona Drive, P.O. Box 1911 Santa Barbara, California 93116-1911 www.abc - clio . com This book is printed on acid-free paper Manufactured in the United States of America