Copyright © 2018 by ABC-­CLIO, LLC All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or other­wise, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review, without prior permission in writing from the publisher. ­ Every reasonable effort has been made to trace the ­ owners of copyright materials in this book, but in some instances this has proven impossible. The editors and publishers ­ will be glad to receive information leading to more complete acknowl­edgments in subsequent printings of the book and in the meantime extend their apologies for any omissions. Library of Congress Cataloging-­in-­Publication Data Names: Maisel, Sebastian, 1970–­ editor. Title: The Kurds : an encyclopedia of life, culture, and society / Sebastian Maisel, editor. Description: Santa Barbara, California : ABC-­CLIO, an Imprint of ABC-­CLIO, LLC, 2018. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2017061633 (print) | LCCN 2018016889 (ebook) | ISBN 9781440842573 (ebook) | ISBN 9781440842566 (hardcopy : alk. paper) | ISBN 9781440842573 (ebook : alk. paper) Subjects: LCSH: Kurds—­Encyclopedias. Classification: LCC DS59.K86 (ebook) | LCC DS59.K86 K875 2018 (print) | DDC 909/.0491597003—­dc23 LC rec­ord available at https://­lccn​ . ­ loc​ . ­ gov​ / ­ 2017061633 ISBN: 978-1-4408-4256-6 (print) 978-1-4408-4257-3 (ebook) 22 21 20 19 18 1 2 3 4 5 This book is also available as an eBook. ABC-­CLIO An Imprint of ABC-­CLIO, LLC ABC-­CLIO, LLC 130 Cremona Drive, P.O. Box 1911 Santa Barbara, California 93116​-­1911 www​.­abc​-­clio​.­com This book is printed on acid-­free paper Manufactured in the United States of Amer­i­ca
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