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Table 2.1 Commonly Used Opioid Analgesic Products Medication: Generic (Brand)Source Chemical Equianalgesic Dose Typical Starting Doses Onset Duration Available Formulations Available Routes of Administration Parenteral Onset 15–30 min Oral Onset 30–60 min Parenteral Oral Phenanthrenes (morphine-like agonists) Morphine (Embeda, MS Contin, Kadian) Naturally occuring 10 mg 30 mg 1–5 mg IV/ IM q3–4h 5–15 mg q3–4h 10 min ed Capsule (ER) oral solution tablet (IR, ER) tablet (ER) suppository IV solution IV, PO Oxycodone (Oxycontin, Roxicodone, Percocet) Semisynthetic N/A 20 mg N/A 10 mg q4–6h 30–60 min 4–6h 12h (ER) Capsule (IR, ER) tablet (IR, ER) oral solution tablet (IR with APAP) PO Oxymorphone (Opana, Numorphan) Semisynthetic 1 mg 10 mg 1–1.5 mg q4–6h 5–10 mg q4–6h 10–20 min 3–6h Tablet (IR, ER) IV solution IV, PO Hydromorphone (Dilaudid, Exalgo) Semisynthetic 1.5 mg 7.5 mg 0.5–1 mg IV/IM q3–4h 2–4 mg q3–4h 10–20 min (IV) 6h (Oral ER) 4–5h 13h (ER) Tablet (IR, ER) oral solution IV solution suppository IV, PO Hydrocodone (Norco, Hysingla, Zohydro) Semisynthetic N/A 20 mg N/A 5–10 mg q4–6h 30–60 min 2–4h 12–24h (ER) Capsule (ER) tablet (ER) tablet (IR with APAP) PO Codeine Naturally occuring 120 mg 200 mg 30 mg IM q3–4h 30–60 mg q3–4h 30–60 min 4–6h Tablet (IR) oral solution tablet (IR with APAP) PO 8