Contents vii Preface , xv 1 BACKGROUND AND HISTORY, 3 Introduction , 3 Forerunners to Current U.S. Legal Immigration Law , 4 Th e Immigration and Naturalization Act of 1965 , 4 Th e 1980 Refugee Act , 10 Th e Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) of 1986 , 13 IMMACT, 1990 , 15 Th e Terrorist Attacks of 9/11 and the American Response , 19 Th e USA Patriot Act , 20 Creating the Department of Homeland Security and Dissolving the INS , 24 Reform Actions Taken by the Obama Administration , 30 Deferred Action , 30 Immigration Reform , 32 Border Control , 33
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