1347–48 Black Death sweeps across Italy 1378–1417 Great western schism in the papacy leads to two, and then three popes 1402 Filippo Maria Visconti starts forty-five-year rule in Milan 1405 Venice expands onto the mainland, taking Padua and Verona 1417 After the Council of Constance ends schism, rebuilding of the papal state begins very slowly 1420 Construction begins on Brunelleschi’s dome for the cathedral of Florence 1423 Vittorino da Feltre establishes humanist school at court of Mantua 1425–30 Venice continues to war with Ottomans over control of eastern Mediterranean commerce 1427 Masaccio’s Trinity first uses linear perspective in a painting 1433 Aragonese Alfonso I, the Magnanimous, becomes king of Naples 1434 Cosimo de’ Medici assumes leadership in Florence 1447–55 Papacy of Nicholas V, founder of the Vatican library 1450 Sforza family takes over rule in Milan 1453 Fall of Constantinople to the Ottomans TIMELINE OF EVENTS
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