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vii CONTENTS Foreword to ACTS III by Matthew McConn...............................................................xi Foreword to ACTS II by Edmund J. Farrell............................................................. xiii Foreword to ACTS I by Janet Emig. ..........................................................................xv Preface: A Parable. ................................................................................................. xvii Introduction: Following the Thread..................................................................... xxiii The Product and Process Paradigms. .........................................................xxiv Simultaneous Literacy.................................................................................xxv Totus: A Third Paradigm.......................................................................... xxvii Children of the Technology Age. ................................................................xxx Let’s Talk!. .................................................................................................xxxi Hot Links!. .................................................................................................xxxi 1 The Process...........................................................................................................1 The Writing Process Journey: The Beginning, Middle, and End....................2 Prewriting. .................................................................................................3 Prewriting Strategies........................................................................................7 More Thoughts on Prewriting. ......................................................................30 Let’s Talk!. ....................................................................................................35 Hot Links!. ....................................................................................................35 2 Putting Writing in Order: Organization. ........................................................37 The Need for Organization............................................................................37 Getting It All Together. .................................................................................38 The Hierarchical Approach to Organization. ................................................38 Understanding Purpose...........................................................................39 Understanding Audience. ........................................................................39 Understanding the Use of Language. ......................................................40 Understanding the Appropriate Genre.....................................................41 Understanding Focus and Coherence......................................................41 Understanding Craft. ...............................................................................41 Teaching Genre as Structure. ........................................................................42 Inquiry and Choice of Genre.........................................................................43 Strategies for Teaching Genre.......................................................................43 Awareness of Genre. .....................................................................................45 Literary Exploration......................................................................................45 The Shaping Conference. ........................................................................46 Fiction. ..........................................................................................................47 Implementing the Writing of Fiction.......................................................47 General Characteristics of Fiction...........................................................48