1990 The Hubble Space Telescope is placed into orbit. The Americans with Disabilities Act is signed into law. De­mo­li­tion of the Berlin Wall officially begins, leading to the reunifi- cation of Germany. Nelson Mandela released from jail, helping to end apartheid and ­later becoming the first president of South Africa in 1994. The ­Human Genome Proj­ect, a 15-­year proj­ect to map the DNA sequence of the ­ human genome, is launched. 1991 The United States commences Operation Desert Storm, leading the first Persian Gulf War against Iraq, which had invaded Kuwait in 1990. The Soviet Union collapses and Mikhail Gorbachev resigns as president. Clarence Thomas is confirmed as a Supreme Court judge despite sex- ual harassment accusations from Anita Hill. 1992 Los Angeles is torn apart by riots sparked by a jury’s acquittal of four Los Angeles Police Department officers who ­ were videotaped beating Rodney King. The Eu­ro­pean Union is formed, creating a common market and single currency across member countries. An 11-­day siege at Ruby Ridge begins with a fatal firefight between federal agents and the Weaver ­family. Johnny Carson retires from the To­night Show, and Jay Leno takes his place. Bill Clinton is elected president, defeating incumbent George H. W. Bush. Timeline
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