3 1 Introduction An Overview THEORIES OF MASOCHISM Authors agree with Glick and Meyers that “[masochism] involve[s] an obligatory connection between pain and pleasure [which is] self- motivated, [and] self-destructive.”1 They note that Krafft-Ebing defined masochism as “the wish to suffer pain and be subjected to force, the idea of being completely and unconditionally subject to the will of a person of the opposite sex of being treated by this person, as by a master, humiliated, and abused.”2 Berliner proposed that masochism means “loving a person who gives hate and ill treatment,”3 and Brenner said that “the essence of masochism appears to consist in an intimate rela- tionship between pleasure and pain. There is a seeking of unpleasure by which is meant physical or mental pain.4 Cooper saw masochism as a “variety of pleasurable goals or gratifications arising at all levels of psy- chic development.”5
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