Contents vii Preface , xiii 1 BACKGROUND AND HISTORY, 3 Th e Opium Plant: An Introduction , 5 Th e History of Opium to 1800 , 6 Egypt and Crete , 7 Greece and Rome , 8 Th e Middle Ages and the Muslim World , 11 Th e Far East , 12 Laudanum , 14 Th e Opium Wars , 17 Morphine and Beyond , 19 Th e Discovery and Commercialization of Morphine , 19 Heroin: Th e Wonder Drug , 22 Other Opiates , 24 Th e Criminalization of Opiates , 27 Controlled Substances Act of 1970 , 35 Semisynthetic and Synthetic Opioids , 37
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