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vi Contents The Causes of Acne 25 12. Why does acne happen? 25 13. How do hormones affect acne? 27 14. What medical conditions can cause acne? 29 15. Can stress affect acne? 31 16. How does weight gain affect acne? 32 17. Do alcohol and smoking influence acne? 34 18. How does diet affect acne? 35 19. Can wearing makeup cause acne? 38 20. Is acne caused by poor hygiene? 39 21. Is there a genetic component to acne? 41 22. How does pregnancy influence acne? 42 23. What medications can cause or worsen acne? 44 24. What are some red flags that indicate a more serious form of acne? 46 Living with Acne 49 25. How does acne impact self-image? 49 26. Can having acne lead to depression? 51 27. Is it okay to pick at acne bumps? 53 28. Does anything help make acne less itchy? 55 29. Can you wear makeup with acne? 56 30. How can I change my skin-care routine to help with acne? 58 31. What other lifestyle modifications can help with acne? 60 32. What support resources are available for people with acne? 62 Acne Treatments 65 33. When does acne need to be treated by a doctor? 65 34. What types of doctors are trained to treat acne? 67 35. What is benzoyl peroxide? How does it help acne? 69 36. Can antibiotics help with treating acne? 71 37. How do topical retinoids help with acne? 72 38. What is isotretinoin (Accutane)? 74 39. What is the iPLEDGE program? 76 40. How is hormonal acne treated differently than other types of acne? 78 41. Can light therapy be helpful in treating acne? 80 42. What cosmetic treatments can help with acne? 82