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v Contents VOLUME 1 Preface, xiii Chronology, xv Part One: People, Events, and Issues, 1 Abbott, Steve (1943–1992), 3 ACT UP (AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power), 3 Activists, 6 Affirmative Action, 13 African Americans and LGBTQ Issues, 15 Africa’s Gay Punishment Legislation: Involvement from U.S. Christian Factions, 21 AIDS and the Americans with Disabilities Act: Bragdon v. Abbot (1998), 24 AIDS History Project, 25 Ailey, Alvin (1931–1989), 28 Albee, Edward (1928– ), 29 Alcohol and Drugs, 31 Alice B. Toklas Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender Democratic Club, 35 Allegra, Donna (1953– ), 37 Allen, Mariette Pathy (1940– ), 37 Allen, Paula Gunn (1939–2008), 39 American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), 40 American Psychiatric Association (APA), 45 Amnesty International OUTfront, 47 Ancient Greek and Roman Sexuality and Philosophy and Impact on the American Legal System, 51 Angus, Patrick (1953–1992), 60 Anthony, Susan B. (1820–1906), 61 Antidiscrimination Statutes, 63 Arvin, Frederick Newton (1900–1963), 65 Asian Americans and LGBTQ Issues, 66 Asian Pacific Lesbian Bisexual Network, 71 Association of Gay and Lesbian Psychiatrists (AGLP), 72 Audre Lorde Project (ALP), 73 Baker v. Vermont (1999), 77 Baldwin, James (1924–1987), 81 Baldwin, Tammy (1962– ), 82 Beam, Joseph (1954–1988), 84 BiNet USA, 84 Birch, Elizabeth M. (1956– ), 85 Bisexual Health, 87 Bisexual Resource Center, 88 Boswell, John (1947–1994), 89 Bowers v. Hardwick, 106 S. Ct. 2841, 2843 (1986), 90 Boy Scouts, 91 Brown, Howard Juniah (1924–1975), 96 Brown, Rita Mae (1944– ), 96 Bryant, Anita (1940– ), 98 Buckmire, Ron (1968– ), 99 Bunch, Charlotte (1944– ), 99 Cameron, Paul Drummond (1939– ), 103 Carpenter, Edward (1844–1929), 104 Center for Lesbian and Gay Studies (CLAGS), 105 Chinese American Queer History, 106