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List of Entries xv Karbala Gap Karbugha (d. 1102) Karim Khan Zand, Muhammad (ca. 1705–1779) Karlowitz, Treaty of (January 26, 1699) Kars, Battle of (August 9–19, 1745) Kars, Treaty of (October 13, 1921) Kassites Khadairi Bend, Battle of (December 13, 1916– January 29, 1917) Khafji, Battle of (January 29–February 1, 1991) Khalid bin Sultan, Prince (1949–) Khalid ibn al-­ Walid (ca. 592–642) Khanaqin, Battle of (June 3, 1916) Khandaq, Battle of the (January–February 627) Khan Yunis Kharijites Khartoum Resolution (September 1, 1967) Khirokitia, Battle of (July 7, 1426) Khobar Towers Bombing (June 25, 1996) Khomeini, Ruhollah (1900–1989) Khosrow I Anushiravan (496?–579) Kirkuk Kobanî, Siege of (September 27, 2014–January 26, 2015) Kobanî Massacre (June 25–26, 2015) Konya, Battle of (December 21, 1832) Köprülü Abdullah Pasha (1694–1735) Köprülü Fazil Ahmed Pasha (1635–1676) Köprülü Mehmed Pasha (1583?–1661) Köse Dağ, Battle of (June 26, 1243) Kress von Kressenstein, Friedrich Sigismund Georg (1870–1948) Kuchuk Kainardji, Treaty of (July 21, 1774) Kurdan, Treaty of (September 4, 1746) Kurds Kurds, Massacres of Kutahya Convention (May 4, 1833) Kut al-­ Amara, Siege of (December 7, 1915–April 29, 1916) Kuwait Kuwait, Iraqi Invasion of (August 2, 1990) Kuwait, Iraqi Occupation of (August 2, 1990– February 27, 1991) Kuwait, Liberation of (February 27, 1991) Lahoud, Émile Jamil (1936–) Latakia, Battle of (October 6, 1973) Latrun, Battles of (May 25–July 18, 1948) Lausanne, First Treaty of (October 18, 1912) Israeli War of Independence, Truce Agreements (February 24, 1949–July 20, 1949) Israel-­ Jordan Peace Treaty (October 26, 1994) Issus, Battle of (November 333 BCE) Italo-­ Ottoman War (1911–1912) ivory justice, Operation (July 24–August 1990) Izz ad-­ Din al-­ Qassam Brigades Jabotinsky, Vladimir Yevgenyevich (1880–1940) Jadid, Salah al-­(1926–1993) Jaffa, Battle of (August 5, 1192) Jaffa, Treaty of (September 2, 1192) Jam, Battle of (September 24, 1528) Janissaries Jarring Mission (December 9, 1967–October 1973) Jassy, Treaty of (January 9, 1792) Jawhar (?–992) Jeddah, Siege of (February 10–December 17, 1925) Jenin, Battle of (April 3–11, 2002) Jericho Conference (December 1, 1948) Jerusalem, Capture of (December 9, 1917) Jerusalem, Crusader Siege of (June 7–July 15, 1099) Jerusalem, Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem, Roman Siege of (70 CE) Jewish Brigade Jewish Legion Jewish-­ Roman War, First (66–73 CE) Jihad John of Brienne (ca. 1170–1237) Jordan Jordan River Joscelin I of Edessa (?–1131) Jovian (331–364) Judaea Judas Maccabeus (ca. 190–130 BCE) Julian, Emperor (331–363) Justinian I the Great, Emperor (483–565) Kabakchi Incident (May 25, 1807) Kadesh, Battle of (1274 BCE) Kafr Qasim Massacre (October 29, 1956) Kafur, Abu al-­ Misk (905–968) Kapikulu Corps Karameh, Battle of (March 21, 1968) Karbala, Battle of (October 10, 680) Karbala, First Battle of (March 31–April 6, 2003) Karbala, Second Battle of (August 27–29, 2007)