vi Contents The U.S. Government Invests in Nanotechnology Research 10 Other Countries Are Also Investing in Nanotechnology Research 10 What Do Americans Think of Nanotechnology? 10 Will Nanotechnology Be Used to Help People in Developing Countries? 11 The Nanotechnology Job Market 13 The Need for Workers 13 Universities Offer Nanotechnology Youth Programs 13 The Fields of Study That Influence Nanotechnology 16 Feature: Mechanical Engineering 17 Major Nanotechnology Career Areas 17 What Are the Risks of Nanotechnology? 19 NANOSAFE2 20 National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) 20 Nanotechnology Environmental and Health Implications (NEHI) 20 National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) 20 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 21 Center for Biological and Environmental Nanotechnology (CBEN) 21 The Center for Responsible Nanotechnology 21 Nano Interview: Professor Martin L. Culpepper, Ph.D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology 21 Nano Activity: Cutting It Down to Nano 26 2. The Science of Nanotechnology 29 What Is Matter? 29 Forms of Matter 29 Properties of Matter 30 Properties of Matter Change at the Nanoscale 31 Volume to Surface Area 33 Matter’s Smallest Particles: Matter Is Made Up of Elements 33 The Periodic Table of Elements 33 Semiconductors 35 Smallest Part of An Element: The Atom 35 Inside the Atom: Subatomic Particles 36 Neutrons and Protons 36 Electrons 36 Isotopes 37
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