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vi Contents 8. How do food manufacturers fi gure out the nutrient values for the Nutrition Facts panel on their product labels? 20 9. What are Daily Values, and what does % Daily Value mean? 22 10. How is serving size determined? 23 11. With over 40 nutrients needed in the human diet, why are only a few on the label, and how are these chosen? 25 12. What are calories, and why are calories important on the Nutrition Facts panel? 28 13. What is meant by total fat, and why is total fat listed on the Nutrition Facts panel? 31 14. What is saturated fat, and why is a food’s saturated fat content included on the Nutrition Facts panel? 34 15. What is trans fat, and why is trans fat content listed on the Nutrition Facts panel? 37 16. What is cholesterol, and why is cholesterol content included on the Nutrition Facts panel? 39 17. What is sodium, and why is sodium content listed on the Nutrition Facts panel? 41 18. What are carbohydrates, and why is carbohydrate content listed on the Nutrition Facts panel? 45 19. What is dietary fi ber, and why is dietary fi ber content listed on the Nutrition Facts panel? 48 20. What is meant by the term “total sugars,” and why is the amount of total sugars listed on the Nutrition Facts panel? 51 21. What is the difference between added sugars and total sugars, and are the health effects different between added sugars and sugars found naturally in food? 55 22. What is protein, and why is protein content listed on the Nutrition Facts panel? 57 23. What is vitamin D, and why is vitamin D content required on the Nutrition Facts panel? 59 24. What is calcium, and why is calcium content required on the Nutrition Facts panel? 62 25. What is iron, and why is iron content required on the Nutrition Facts panel? 67 26. What is potassium, and why is potassium content required on the Nutrition Facts panel? 70