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xviii Chronology 1840s Use of the term “saloon” to describe taverns begins to become com- monplace in the United States. 1844 Jacob Best founds a brewery in Milwaukee. 1848 Massive unrest in Europe results in large numbers of immigrants arriv- ing in the United States. Many of them bring their brewing knowhow with them. 1851 Maine adopts first statewide prohibition laws. Vermont follows in 1853. 1857 Lager beer begins outselling ale in the United States. 1870s Adolphus Busch becomes first brewer in the United States to use pas- teurization in the brewing process. This allows for better storage and longer transportation of beer. 1872 Adolph Coors establishes a brewery in Golden, Colorado. 1873 The Woman’s Christian Temperance Union is formed in Hillsboro, Ohio, on December 23. 1880s Several states adopt statewide prohibition, including Kansas, Iowa, North Dakota, and South Dakota. 1889 The first known use of the term “speakeasy” to describe an unlicensed drinking establishment appears in a newspaper. 1893 The Anti-Saloon League is formed in Oberlin, Ohio, on May 24. 1900s Several states adopt statewide prohibition, including Mississippi, ­ Georgia, Oklahoma, North Carolina, and Tennessee. 1910s Several more states adopt statewide prohibition, including Alabama, Oregon, West Virginia, Washington, Montana, Nebraska, Indiana, Michigan, Florida, Kentucky, Texas, Virginia, South Carolina, Idaho, Colorado, Arkansas, and Arizona. 1913 Beer production stands at 2 billion gallons per year, an increase from 1.2 gallons in 1900. 1913 Congress passes the Webb-Kenyon Act, which bars the transportation of intoxicating liquors across state lines into dry states. 1919E ighteenth Amendment banning the manufacture and sale of intoxicat- ing liquors is ratified on January 16. 1920 National Prohibition goes into effect on January 16. 1920 First illegal drinking establishments, often referred to as “speakeasies,” open in the United States 1933 President Roosevelt signs the Cullen-Harrison Act (“The Beer Bill”) on March 22, 1933, which makes legal the brewing of beer with an alcohol content of 3.2 percent or lower. 1934 First Beer Day is celebrated on April 7 to recognize the day that the Cullen-Harrison Act officially went into effect.